Sports Management Degree Guide . Do you want to become a sports agent, a public relations liaison or a sports facilities manager?

Is sports medicine, which offers career options such as athletic trainer, physical therapist or coach, your strong suit, or would you prefer to delve into sports law? Read on to learn more about the differences between the degrees you’ll need to perform any of these roles. What degree levels are available? Associate’s Degree Programs. The best way to think of your associate’s degree is as a foundation or stepping stone to your future education and career. Associate’s degree programs are broad- based programs that cover introductions to, and fundamentals of, such fields as physical education, coaching, management and business ethics and law. The Associate of Business Science degree focuses on the business side of sports management, such as accounting or finance.

Bachelor’s Degree Programs. A bachelor’s degree is a crucial first step to prepare for a successful career in sports management. Aspiring sports managers are fortunate to have many different options in developing a sports management degree plan. Choices for a bachelor’s degree in this field include the following specialties, as well as areas such as risk management or fitness and wellness: Sports Management. Marketing Business Administration. Accounting. As an example of a typical course load, Ashford University offers the following program of undergraduate courses for a Bachelor of Arts in Sports and Recreation Management: Examples of Core Courses.

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Risk Management; Logo's; Andrews. Andrews Sports Medicine; Athlete Services; Injury Prevention. TOPS Programs: Birmingham United Soccer Association. Sports Medicine Schools in Texas. Texas contains 38 schools that offer sports medicine programs. Texas Christian University, the highest-ranking sports medicine school in TX, has a total student population of 8,853 and is the. Prospective students who searched for Top Schools with Sports Management Programs in the U.S.

Top 10 Most Awesome Colleges with Sports Management Programs Today. December 25, 2012, admin, 1 Comment. Sports in the United States alone are a $30 billion industry every year. It is no wonder that many individuals are.

Management for Organizations: This course presents an introduction to management theory and practice, including the inter- relatedness that the planning, organizing, leading and controlling functions play in the multicultural, technology- driven and global organizations of the 2. Public Relations Practice & Promotional Writing: An introduction to current procedures and duties of public relations personnel will be studied. Students will write news releases, brochures, speeches, reports, memos, scripts, and as copy using workshop format. Sociology of Sport: The social institution of sport is examined as a microcosm of society. Consideration is given to the different levels of sport, and sports in relation to social stratification and mobility, big business, mass media, religion, race, gender and social discrimination.

Operations Management & Quantitative Techniques: Introduction to the nature and problems of operations management. The course will cover a variety of quantitative and qualitative techniques including probability and decision theory and project planning. Organization and Administration of Sports & Recreation Management: The course reviews the principles of organizational structure and behavior within sport organizations. Contemporary Issues in Sports Marketing & Management: This course helps students understand the scope of the sport industry, to include identifying career opportunities in various segments of the sport industry. Case Research in Sports & Recreation Management: Utilizing the principles of management, marketing and other relevant disciplines this course will use case studies, class discussions, and projects to enhance the student’s collective expertise in this area of sports and recreation management. Other classes may include such topics as macroeconomics, human resources management, project management, business law, accounting and marketing. Master’s Degree Programs.

Course work at the master’s level will prepare you for management and administrative roles within the sports management and sports medicine fields. Generally, students can pursue an MBA or a Master of Science.

Here are some of the differences between them: Masters of Business Administration (MBA): An MBA degree with a concentration in finance, marketing or sports management qualifies students for leadership roles in this fiercely competitive industry. Considering the significant amount of money involved in athletes’ contract negotiations and product endorsements, an MBA degree is especially crucial for prospective sports agents. Master of Science in Sports Medicine: A master’s degree in sports medicine is a two- year intensive program that focuses on health care issues for athletes and teaches the student about the prevention, assessment, management and rehabilitation of injuries. A master’s degree- holder can become a valuable asset to a college or professional team or individual athlete.

Master of Science in Sports Management: A Master of Science in Sports Management is a multidisciplinary degree that prepares graduates for a career in sports management at all levels, including recreational, juvenile, inter- scholastic, amateur, collegiate and professional. Graduates who earn the degree, which generally takes two years to complete, are prepared to work as a sports administrator, corporate sponsorship director, head coach or general manager.

Doctorate Programs. Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D) in Sports Management: A Ph.

D in sports management generally originates in education or sports administration but Ph. D candidates may also focus their research in areas like interscholastic athletics, sports marketing, sports leadership, sports medicine, risk management or the psychological and sociological aspects of sports. Doctor of Education (Ed. D) in Sports Management: The Doctor of Education in Sports Management generally offers two areas of emphasis for graduates: sports medicine or Olympism, which studies the structure and issues originated by the Olympic Games and encourages the balanced development of the body, will and mind. Optimally, your Ed.

D program should be approved by the Sport Management Program Review Council, which is highly selective in approving sports management and medicine programs. What certification will I need? The two most popular certifications available in sports management are the sports management certificate offered to those students who are pursuing a bachelor’s degree, and the graduate certificate in sports management, which allows already practicing sports managers a way to enhance their skills and professional credentials. Professional associations such as the International Fitness Professionals Association (IFPA), who offers an accredited Certified Sport Management Specialist credential, help make becoming certified much more convenient by offering online and distance learning programs. Other professional agencies offering professional development certifications include: National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE)Sports Management Worldwide (SMWW)What will I learn in my courses?

According to the North American Society for Sport Management (NASSM), students interested in becoming a sports manager must abide by a code of ethics, in companion to completing their college course work. The fundamentals that must be learned and complied with include these principles: Hold paramount the welfare of the individual.

Perform service only in areas of competence. Issue public statements in a truthful and objective manner. Act with high standards of personal conduct. Remain proficient in professional practice and the performance of professional duties. Maintain professional integrity. The Institute of Sports Management cites four objectives that must be met in addition to educational course work completion: Credibility.

Professionalism. Quality of service. Confidence. How long will it take? Depending upon your level of dedication, a sports management major can take the following time to complete: Associate’s degree programs, which provide entry- level opportunity, usually take two years. A bachelor’s degree program takes four years.

Master’s degree programs and MBAs generally require one to two years. Are online programs available? Online programs for sports managers are available for all degree levels, including associates, bachelors, MBA and Master of Science and doctorate degree programs. An important part of choosing an online education program is finding an accredited program, as accreditation ensures that sports management courses and professors maintain high quality standards. Students may also be eligible to receive financial aid if their program is accredited. How much will my education cost? The cost of bachelor’s degree programs varies depending upon the type of institution you attend.

According to College Board’s Trends in College Pricing 2. The average annual cost for a four- year private non- profit school is $3. Master’s degree program tuition at in- state public institutions costs an average of $8,2. Attending an accredited school may allow you to apply for financial aid, whether the school you select is a traditional classroom or an online program.*Cost of tuition only. Prices do not reflect other fees, books, room and board. Are there prerequisites?

Undergraduate: The National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) recommends high school students who are interested in pursuing a sports management degree take classes in business, marketing, economics, sociology, psychology, sports history, mathematics and statistics. They also recommend playing varsity sports and participating in campus sports organizations and clubs. However, you may submit a score for review with your admission materials. What accreditation is there for my program?

Accreditation shows that an institution or program meets standards of quality set forth by an accrediting agency, and that it is committed not only to meet those standards but to continuously seek ways in which to improve the quality of education and training provided. There are two types of educational accreditation: institutional and specialized. The main specialized accrediting body for sports management degree programs is the Commission on Sport Management Accreditation (COSMA), which was jointly established by NASPE and NASSM in 2. COSMA accreditation replaces program approval formerly granted by the Sport Management Program Review Council (SMPRC).

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The Diabetes Prevention Program is a 16-session education program conducted by lifestyle coaches. Virtual Diabetes Prevention Program.

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A Randomized Controlled Trial Translating the Diabetes Prevention Program to a University Worksite, Ohio, 2. Weinhold, MS, RD; Carla K. Miller, Ph. D, RD; David G. Marrero, Ph. D; Haikady N. Nagaraja, Ph. D; Brian C. Gascon, Ph. DSuggested citation for this article: Weinhold KR, Miller CK, Marrero DG, Nagaraja HN, Focht BC, Gascon GM. A Randomized Controlled Trial Translating the Diabetes Prevention Program to a University Worksite, Ohio, 2.

Prev Chronic Dis 2. DOI: http: //dx. doi. MEDSCAPE CMEMedscape, LLC is pleased to provide online continuing medical education (CME) for this journal article, allowing clinicians the opportunity to earn CME credit.

This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and Policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education through the joint providership of Medscape, LLC and Preventing Chronic Disease. Medscape, LLC is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Medscape, LLC designates this Journal- based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s). Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. All other clinicians completing this activity will be issued a certificate of participation.

To participate in this journal CME activity: (1) review the learning objectives and author disclosures; (2) study the education content; (3) take the post- test with a 7. Release date: November 2. Expiration date: November 2. Learning Objectives. Upon completion of this activity, participants will be able to: Describe the worksite lifestyle intervention used in this randomized trial among employees with prediabetes. Discuss the efficacy of a worksite lifestyle intervention for improving metabolic risk factors among employees with prediabetes, based on a randomized trial. Discuss the efficacy of a worksite lifestyle intervention for improving behavioral risk factors among employees with prediabetes.

EDITORSEllen Taratus. Editor, Preventing Chronic Disease. Disclosure: Ellen Taratus has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. CME AUTHORLaurie Barclay, MDFreelance writer and reviewer, Medscape, LLCDisclosure: Laurie Barclay, MD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. AUTHORSKellie R. Weinhold, MS, RD, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Disclosure: Kellie R.

Weinhold, MS, RD, has disclosed no relevant financil relationships. Carla K. Miller, Ph.

D, RD, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Disclosure: Carla K. Miller, Ph. D, RD, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

David G. Marrero, Ph. D, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana. Disclosure: David G.

Marrero, Ph. D, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. Haikady N. Nagaraja, Ph. D, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Disclosure: Haikady N. Nagaraja, Ph. D, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships: Served as an advisor or consultant for: Abbott Nutrition.

Brian C. Focht, Ph. D, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Disclosure: Brian C. Focht, Ph. D, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Gregg M. Gascon, Ph. D, The Ohio State University Health Plan, Inc., Columbus, Ohio. Disclosure: Gregg M.

Gascon, Ph. D, has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. PEER REVIEWEDAbstract.

Introduction. Working adults spend much time at the workplace, an ideal setting for wellness programs targeting weight loss and disease prevention. Few randomized trials have evaluated the efficacy of worksite diabetes prevention programs.

This study evaluated the efficacy of a worksite lifestyle intervention on metabolic and behavioral risk factors compared with usual care. Methods. A pretest–posttest control group design with 3- month follow- up was used. Participants with prediabetes were recruited from a university worksite and randomized to receive a 1. Participants were evaluated at baseline, postintervention, and 3- month follow- up.

Dietary intake was measured by a food frequency questionnaire and level of physical activity by accelerometers. Repeated measures analysis of variance compared the change in outcomes between and within groups. Results. Mean (standard error . Mean (SE) reductions in fasting glucose were greater in the intervention (. In the intervention group, the intake of total energy and the percentage of energy from all fats, saturated fats, and trans fats decreased, and the intake of dietary fiber increased (all P < . Conclusion. The worksite intervention improved metabolic and behavioral risk factors among employees with prediabetes.

The long- term impact on diabetes prevention and program sustainability warrant further investigation. Top. Introduction. The prevalence of prediabetes among US adults increased significantly from 3. People with prediabetes are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (hereinafter referred to as type 2 diabetes) as well as microvascular and macrovascular comorbidities commonly associated with type 2 diabetes (2). Rising rates of prediabetes create an urgent need to prevent or delay the development of type 2 diabetes. Intensive lifestyle interventions can prevent or delay type 2 diabetes in at- risk populations (3–5). These interventions target weight loss by improving dietary patterns and increasing physical activity (PA).

The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), for example, demonstrated that weight loss through lifestyle modification was more effective than pharmacotherapy in reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes among adults with prediabetes, and the relative reduction in incidence remained at 1. The current need is to translate effective interventions into practice settings.

Adults spend a large portion of their time at work, making the workplace a potentially effective setting for health promotion and disease prevention. Wellness programs can generate savings in medical costs and reduce absenteeism rates. Although worksite programs can promote weight loss (7), limited evidence exists on worksite diabetes prevention programs for employees at high risk of diabetes. The workplace could be an opportune setting for identifying employees with prediabetes, reducing risk through effective programs, and if employees avert type 2 diabetes, also reducing future costs (8). The DPP has been adapted for community settings such as churches, hospitals, and YMCAs (9). Although the community- based programs promoted weight loss, thereby reducing risk for type 2 diabetes (3,6), few translational studies have evaluated the efficacy of worksite diabetes prevention programs (1. Among worksite studies that implemented the DPP, only 2 studies used a randomized design with a comparison condition (1.

PA. Moreover, one worksite study implemented a primarily self- directed, low- intensity version of the DPP (1. The objective of our trial was to evaluate the efficacy of a worksite lifestyle intervention among employees with prediabetes. It was hypothesized that the intervention would facilitate greater reductions in the percentage of weight loss than would usual care. Top. Methods. Design. A randomized pretest. Approval for the study was obtained from the university. Eligible participants were randomized at baseline to either a 1.

Figure). Beginning in October 2. Participants were randomized in blocks of 4 stratified by race and sex; 2 participants each were randomly assigned to the intervention or control arm. Assignment was generated by the statistician, and allocations were concealed in sequentially numbered opaque envelopes. The statistician was blinded to treatment assignment; however, neither participants nor lifestyle coaches were blinded to treatment allocation. All study appointments took place on the university campus.

Postintervention data were collected after the 1. Follow- up of participants was completed in May 2. Figure. Phases of the randomized controlled trial for the intervention and usual care (control) groups in a university worksite diabetes prevention stud. Ohio, 2. 01. 2. Additional study recruitment methods included campus flyers, electronic advertisements in digital newsletters, employee email notifications, and notices in Research. Match. com, a website for study recruitment. Eligibility criteria included being an employee aged 1.

BMI) of 2. 5. 0 to 5. The 7- item American Diabetes Association risk assessment questionnaire was administered to determine risk for type 2 diabetes, and those with a score of 5 or more were classified as potentially eligible and screened for any exclusionary criteria (1. Eligible participants had fasting finger- stick glucose levels of 1. L, indicative of prediabetes (1. Individuals with fasting glucose levels of 9.

L or 1. 26 to 1. 40 mg/d. L completed a second finger stick to assess hemoglobin A1c (Hb. A1c); Hb. A1c levels of 5.

Individuals with Hb. A1c or glucose levels above the indicated ranges were advised to see their physician and excluded from participation.

Potentially eligible participants completed the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire; those who answered positively to 1 or more questions were excluded (1. Employees older than 6. Individuals were excluded if they had a current diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, were pursuing or recently had weight- loss surgery, were taking medications that modify blood glucose levels, such as metformin or corticosteroids, or were actively participating in a weight- management program. Participants could not be pregnant, breastfeeding, trying to become pregnant, or planning to leave university employment or move from the area within one year of study enrollment. Lifestyle intervention. Participants randomized to the intervention group received the manualized 1.

DPP Outcomes Study Lifestyle Balance Program (1. The behavioral goals for the program were consistent with those of the DPP: achieve at least 7% weight loss, engage in at least 1. PA, and consume 2.

The Travels of Ibn Bat. It was interesting to compare the ..

The Adventures of Ibn Battuta: A Muslim Traveler of the 14th Century Ross E. Dunn University of California Press 2005

The Travels of Ibn Battutah - The Folio Society. Beautiful illustrated book. Introduction by Tahir Shah.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Democracy. Democracy is a term given to political systems that require a popular vote, or representative election, to take place in order to choose officials and leaders of a country. This means that the leaders are chosen by the people. Many of the world’s most successful countries operate underneath a democratic system, including the United States of America. While it is renowned as one of the most efficient government systems ever, it is not without flaws. Let’s take a look at the advantages and disadvantages of democracy.

Advantages of Democracy. Protects the Interest of Citizens. The citizens of a democratic government have the right to vote on political, social, and economical issues as well as the representatives that they want to be in charge of major decisions, like the President. This greatly protects the citizens from anything they disagree with occurring.

Promotes Equality. Democracy is generally based on the rule of equality. This means that all members of a country or a state are equal in the eyes of law. Every individual has the right to enjoy and experience equal economic, political and social rights and the state is not allowed to discriminate citizens on the standard of sex, caste, property and religion. Responsibility and Stability in Administration Democracy is recognized for its efficiency, firmness and stability. When there is fixed and elected representatives, a more stable and responsible government is formed.

The administration is also conducted and ruled with sense of dedication and responsibility. Individuals under a democratic system discuss matters and issues thoroughly in order to come up with reasonable decisions.

Helps Make Good Citizens Democracy aids in creating the ideal environment for the improvement of personality and cultivation of character and good habits. According to experts, democracy seems to be the very first schools for good citizenship. This is where individuals learn about their duties and rights starting from their birth until the time of their death. Promotes Change Democracy paved the way for changes in the government without having the use any form of violence. This makes people feel great and provide them with ideal sense of involvement and participation.

Disadvantages of Democracy. Misuse of Time and Public Funds.

Democracy can also lead to wasted resources and time. This also takes huge time in law formulations. Also, lots of money is being spent during election. There is also the possibility of being ruled by irresponsible and incompetent leaders who just waste public funds for their recreations and tours. Wrong Choice Not all individuals under a democratic country are aware of political and social circumstances in their country. Some of them are not even acquainted with political issues.

This may lead to erroneous decisions and selection in the event of elections. Give More Emphasis on Quantity instead of Quality. Another disadvantage of democracy is that this gives more emphasis on quantity instead of quality in terms of services. There is also the possibility of being governed by incompetent and irresponsible leaders. Some says that under this political system, there is no equality for only the rich and famous are prioritized and not the poor.

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Criticism of democracy has always existed in democratic societies, with much of the criticism claiming that democracy is either economically inefficient, politically idealistic or morally corrupt. Economic criticisms Irrational voters Some free-market-oriented. 160 Journal of Democracy communist regimes not only sought to repress all forms of autonomous nonstate activity but also supplanted and subverted such activity by forcing their citizens to join and participate in mandatory, state-controlled organizations. 3 Abstract The following paper presents the basic concept for the Democracy Ranking of the Quality of Democracy and positions this approach in context of academic discourses about democracy and the quality of democracy. Key dimensions of democracy are.

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It mainly uses solve. NQUtil() to. solve the problem. It returns false if queens. Note that this. function is called when .

So we need. to check only left side for attacking queens */. Safe(int board. It returns false if queens.

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Confessions of Faith .

THE BOOK OF ORDER - Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New. Posted on 27-Dec-2014 . 4 (7) This Church also recognises as authoritative statements of our Reformed heritage the Scots Confession, the Heidelberg. Bullinger himself became gravely ill during the second outbreak of the plague. 2 The Second Helvetic Confession. Download issue / ebook. More articles in this issue. THURSDAY MORNING STUDY GROUP: FAITH AND LIFE WHAT DO PRESBYTERIANS BELIEVE? The Second Helvetic Confession.

• 1 The Second Helvetic Confession The word “Helvetic” is Latin for “Swiss.” The setting of the Second Helvetic Confession is Swiss-German Reformed Protestantism. After the great Reformer Ulrich Zwingli died in battle in.
• THE SECOND HELVETIC CONFESSION. CHAPTER I Of The Holy Scripture Being The True Word of God. SACERDOTAL CONFESSION AND ABSOLUTION. But we believe that this sincere confession which is made to God alone.
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It is therefore only natural for persons to want to make their documents available in a format which is considered to be somewhat of a standard when it comes to electronic documents. The beauty of PDFs lies in their portability. With other document types, formatting and compatibility depends on the software being used to view or create the document — documents may not be displayed correctly due to differences in version, author of the software, or even operating system.

However with the PDF format, regardless of the software used to create or view the PDF, PDFs are displayed correctly on pretty much all computers and operating systems using any modern PDF reader. This clearly is why PDFs are a desirable electronic document format for sharing documents. Whether it is a report you wish to put together a curriculum vitae you wish to submit, or a graphic which you need to submit to a commercial printer, you may find that you need to produce a body of text or an image as a PDF. That is why we have put together a review of the best free PDF printers/creators. Read on to learn more. BEFORE WE BEGINPDF creators come in two types.

The first is the PDF virtual printer, which allows the user to create a PDF from within any program that supports printing. By hitting print in a program — the program can be any type of program, such as a document viewer or an image viewer —. With PDF printers, anything you can print is able to be turned into PDF. The second type is the PDF converter, which allows users to select documents for conversion to PDFs from within a standalone program.

Download Free Print to PDF now from Softonic: 100% safe and virus free. More than 3068 downloads this month. More info about this program. Windows Server 2012, Windows 7, Vista, 2008R2, 2008, 2003, and 2000. Works with 32 and 64 bit systems. Works with Windows 10, 8.1, 8. Print to PDF from almost any Windows. Free Print to PDF, free and safe download. Free Print to PDF latest version. Windows 7; Windows 8; Free Print to PDF 1.6.2 26/01/16: Free: English Windows 95; Windows 98; Windows 98 SE; Windows ME; Windows 2000; Windows.

Print file to PDF in Windows 8.1. I have installed the most recent free version of Adobe. Anyway I am surprised to read other posts on here which say that Microsoft has never included Print to PDF. PDF FOR WINDOWS 7 / XP / VISTA, 2008. Download free trial versions below. Create PDF documents without Adobe Acrobat. PDF Reader for Windows 7 We make it easy with our comprehensive rundown of how to print to PDF in Windows 7. These are the best ways to print-to-PDF in Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7. If the Microsoft Print to PDF printer doesn’t. I've selected the best free products in this. 39721en.html for 'How to manually remove PDF Forge Toolbar' but the Windows 7 start button's Search feature. PDF printing is still fairly simple — you can quickly install a free PDF printer or use the support included in various programs. How to Print to PDF in Windows. In this article, we test the best FREE virtual PDF printers in order to determine the best of the bunch. The best freeware virtual PDF printer. The Program also works perfect with Windows 7 x64.

Unlike PDF printers that allow you to create PDFs by simply using the print function inside any program, PDF converters are not printers and only work with specific file formats that the developer of PDF converters set them to work with. The advantage of PDF converters, however, is that they do not rely on secondary components such as Ghostscript (which most PDF printers require). Also, with PDF printers you need to actually be able to open a file/document/etc. This is extremely useful if you are in a situation where you don’t have the program required to open the original file (e. Check out more articles on the best free Windows programs by clicking here.

Table of Contents. Be very careful while installing it, or grab the portable version.

Developer: 7- PDF Maker. Download Size: 5. MBVersion Reviewed: 1. Supported OS: Windows 8, 7, Vista, XPPros.

Is a PDF converter, so you don’t need to have Ghostscript installed to use it and you don’t need to be able to open a file in order to convert it to PDFSupports conversion of over 8. PDFCapable of batch processing, of converting files to PDFs in batches. Has several security features, like encryption of output PDFs. When converting document files like Word files to PDF, 7- PDF Maker ensures that hyperlinked words remain hyperlinked in output PDFs.

Has a portable version (but portable version is shareware, not freeware — installer version is freeware)Cons. It would have been nice if 7- PDF Maker came with a virtual printer, too, thus combing the advantages of both a PDF printer and PDF converter. NOTE: If you really want a PDF virtual printer, you can download 7- PDF- Printer separately. Download size is a bit high when compared to other PDF creators, namely PDF printers. PDF Make comes bundled with bloatware/crapware during install. Be very careful while installing it, or grab the portable version.

The Print to PDF feature in Adobe Acrobat lets you print documents reliably from any Windows or Mac application by selecting Adobe PDF as your printer. If you know how to print a paper copy of a file.

Discussion. Out of all of the programs reviewed here today, 7- PDF Maker is the only PDF converter. Immediately, one of the features which sets 7- PDF maker apart from other PDF creators is its ability to convert over 8. PDF. Some of these formats include: Microsoft Office 2. Files(. docx, . xlsx, . Microsoft Office Files(. Open. Office. org 1. Files(. sxw, . sxc, .

Open. Document Files(. Star. Office Files(. Text based files(. Maths Files(. mml, . Image Files(. eps, .

Auto. Cad/Data Interchange formats(. You have the option of adjusting several parameters in order to produce the PDF which best satisfies your needs. First are the General PDF settings. You can decide whether you want to create a tagged PDF, export notes, export bookmarks or create a PDF using the PDF/A- 1 standard. With image settings you can select whether you want to utilize lossless compression or you can select the level of compression you desire. You can also choose to reduce image resolution if you so desire.

In terms of security, You have the option of enabling encryption and password protecting your PDF files with a 1. PDF. You have the option of enabling or disabling the following actions: All changes. Inserting, deleting and rotating pages. Filling in form fields.

Commenting, filling in form fields. All changes except the extraction of pages( under this option you can choose whether to enable copying of content or text- access for accessibility tools or not)You can also limit the quality of the document printed. PDF allows the user to specify where and how they want their resulting PDF files to be saved and users also have the option of opening the created PDF after conversion is complete with the PDF viewer of their choice. Please not that in order to carry out a batch PDF conversion that you will have to make use of the command line interface. Additionally, 7- PDF does not allow users the facility of adding watermarks to their created PDFs.

Also unlike some of the other programs reviewed, 7- PDF does not allow for the conversion of documents to other formats other than PDF. PDF maker offers users a highly customizable PDF creation experience and is very easy to use.

This should easily satisfy all of your PDF creation needs. Runner Up. Program Name: PDFill PDF and Image Writer.

Developer: Plot. Soft. Download Size: 7. MBVersion Reviewed: 1. Supported OS: Windows 8, 7, Vista, XPDiscussion. PDFill PDF and Image writer is another powerful PDF creator which should meet the needs of most users. It also comes bundled with a PDF editor which I will not really touch on since we are focusing on PDF creation capabilities.

Unlike 7- PDF Maker, PDFill is a PDF printer which means that software capable of converting any file/page/document/etc. You can choose to use and define a default folder or have PDFill prompt you to select a save location every time you are creating a PDF. You can also specify how you want your files named and how to handle the possibilities of any files being overwritten. Under output options there are several self explanatory post processing options you can choose from.

These are: Email PDFMerge PDFSplit or Reorder PDFReformat PDFHeader or Footer PDFWatermark PDF by Text. Watermark PDF by Image. Watermark PDF by Image. The Optimization tab displays features related to the output quality of the PDF. The following Optimization options are available: Screen: smallest PDF for onscreen viewing with only 7. Ebook: smaller PDF for online download with image compressed. Printer: Larger PDF for home and office printers with high- resolution images.

Prepress: Larger PDF for commercial quality printers with high- resolution images and embedded fonts. You can also manually select your desired PDF resolution(dpi). The Max Inline Image size can also be specified(bytes).

Pages can also be autorotated and the process color model can be specified( Grayscale, RGB, CMYK ). You can also choose to compress embedded fonts. Options under the Description tab allow for the title, author, subject, keywords, created date, creator, producer and PDF standard/version of the impending PDF to be specified. Encryptionallows for a a password and encryption standards to be specified.

You have a choice between. RC4 or 1. 28- bit RC4.

The following features can also be opted into or out of: Allow printing. Allow Modifying contents. Allow copying. Allow modifying annotations.

Allow filling in. Allow screen readers. Allow assembly. Allow degraded printing.

Viewing preferences can also be specified. You can choose how you want the PDF to be displayed when first opening it with these options. Presentation features can also be selected. The following file types can be chosen for output: Other customization options are available to be adjusted such as the image resolution, rotation and flip options. A button which allows access to the program.

The options provided for adjusting the quality are low, medium, good and best. You also have the option of choosing which PDF standard you wish to use. You can choose either PDF 1.

PDF 1. 3, PDF 1. 4, PDF 1. PDF/X- 3, PDF/A- 1, PDF/A- 2. You can also choose which color model you wish to use. The options are as follows: RGB, CMYK and Gray. In terms of Security you have the option of either using or not using the various security settings.

You can set a password for encryption. You can also select the permissions allowed for each PDF such as: Print, edit, restructure, copy text and images, fill fomrs, add and change comments. You can also specify if a password will be required to open the resulting PDF. Additionally, PDF2.

PDFs with a digital signature certificate of your choice. Text watermarks can also be set. PDF2. 4 also supports digital paper. Image resolution can be specified and the level of image compression can also be specified. In addition to converting to PDFs, PDF2.

Post. Script(. ps)Encapsulated Post. Script(. eps)Printer Command Language(. Portable Network Graphics(. JPEGBitmap(. bmp)Picture Exchange(. Tagged Image File Format(. Photoshop Format(.

My biggest gripe with PDF2. Otherwise it is another great PDF creator.

Honorable Mention 2. Program Name: Bullzip. Developer: Bullzip. Download Size: 1. MBVersion Reviewed: 9. Supported OS: Windows 8, 7, Vista, XPDiscussion. Bullzip is a well laid out PDF printer with several features for creating top notch PDF files.

Like PDFill, Bullzip’s options are laid out in tabs. The Documenttab allows for the author, title, subject and keywords to be specified.

Pdf quality can also be set(default, screen, ebook, printer, prepress).